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Title |
Text |
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| 1 |
Akiha Shinkō |
Akiha shinkō originated at the shrine Akihasan Hongū Akiha Jinja in Shūchigun, Shizuoka Prefecture and is known as a fire protection cult. It is thought that Shugendō practitioners were already spreading the faith in the medieval period. In 1685 during the Edo Period, the " mi... |
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| 2 |
Atago Shinkō |
This is the cult that originated at the shrine Atago Jinja on the peak of Atago Mountain in Kyōto. Ascetic practitioners have been using the mountain since ancient times. During the Heian Period Atago was counted among the "seven high mountains" ( shichi kōsan ) of the Kink... |
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| 3 |
Atsuta Shinkō |
The cult of the shrine Atsuta Jingū and its approximately 2000 "emanation shrines" ( bunsha ) spread widely throughout the country, but worshippers are especially numerous in the Tōkai region. The tradition that the Kusanagi sacred sword, one of the "the three sac... |
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| 4 |
Awashima Shinkō |
Devotion to the Awashima kami based on beliefs about the kami 's efficacy in curing female ailments, helping to conceive children, and ensuring safe childbirth. Kada Jinja, the head shrine among the Awashima shrines throughout the country, is in Wakayama Prefecture's Kaisōgun co... |
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| 5 |
Bokusen |
A method of divination for determining the divine will or foretelling the outcome of an event. Today, bokusen most often signifies divination in general which comprises an extremely complex variety of methods. In the original sense of bokusen , however, 卜 depicted the shape of crac... |
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| 6 |
Daisen Shinkō |
Beliefs and practices associated with Daisen, a mountain located in the western part of Tottori Prefecture, also known as Hōki Fuji. It consists of a number of peaks, including Misen, Tengugamine and Sankomine. The highest is Kengamine (1792 m.). The access route from the north sta... |
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| 7 |
Dewasanzan Shinkō |
Beliefs and practices associated with three mountains of Dewa (in present-day Yamagata Prefecture): Haguro (419 m.), Gassan (1980 m.) and Yudono (1504 m.). This grouping became fixed sometime between the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries; before that, Yudono was consi... |
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| 8 |
Ebisu shinkō |
This refers to the cult of Ebisu, a kami of fortune, believed to watch over livelihoods and to bring luck. Since medieval times, Ebisu has been one of the seven gods of good fortune ( shichifukujin ) and is, together with Daikoku, a major representative of all kami of fortune ( fukujin ). ... |
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| 9 |
Fugeki |
A religious figure that receives the power of a divine spirit and communicates its will ( takusen ; see Kamigakari Takusen ) or summons the spirit of a deceased person who speaks through him or her. A fugeki is believed capable of summoning a divine spirit or the spirit of a deceased pers... |
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| 10 |
Fuji shinkō |
Beliefs and practices associated with Mt Fuji, Japan's highest mountain (3776 m.), situated on the border of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Long worshipped as a sacred mountain, it is mentioned in two eighth century works, the Manyōshū and the Hitachi no kuni fudoki . Tho... |
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| 11 |
Fuji/Sengen Shinkō |
The cult of Mount Fuji/Mount Sengen. The old reading of the characters 浅間 is asama . (they can also be read sengen ). One theory as to why Mount Fuji was called Asama is based on the fact that the words "asa" and "aso" mean a volcano or a volcanic eruption, but there is ... |
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| 12 |
Fukujin shinkō |
Cultic worship of "deities of good fortune" or "good-luck deities" ( fukujin ), namely those that respond to human prayers for happiness. It should be noted that the term fukujin is not a proper noun, but a general referent given to any deity whose primary funct... |
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| 13 |
Gion/Tsushima Shinkō |
This faith takes Gozutennō and Susanoo as "enshrined deities" ( saijin ). The kami Gozutennō is a conflation of the Indian guardian deity of Gion Shōja ( Jetavanavihāra monasteries) and Chinese Onmyōdō , which was further combined with Susanoo in Japan. Whilst the cult of... |
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| 14 |
Gongen shinkō |
Belief in the incarnation of a Buddha or bodhisattva for the sake of bringing salvation to all sentient beings. Terms having the same meaning include gonge and kegen . There also arose the idea, as seen in the honji-suijaku theory , that the kami of Japan are likewise such manifestatio... |
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| 15 |
Goryō shinkō |
The belief that spiritual beings intimidate society at large with calamity and pestilence and must therefore be appeased in order to restore tranquility and, in turn, to bring about prosperity. To placate and send them away, gatherings known as goryō-e ("meetings with augus... |
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| 16 |
Gyō |
Gyō is a category of religious practices that can be found in every religion and can be broadly grouped into spiritual practices and physical practices. Though influenced by the religious practices of other Asian religions, Shintō practices can be regarded as having developed the... |
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| 17 |
Hachiman Shinkō |
The faith of Hachiman began at Usa Hachimangū and the location of this shrine and five other Hachiman shrines ( gosho betsugū ) in the Kyūshū area (the five shrines are Chikuzen's Daibu Hachiman, Hizen's Chiriku Hachiman, Higo's Fujisaki Hachiman, Satsuma's Nitt... |
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| 18 |
Hakusan Shinkō |
Hakusan is the collective name given to the three mountains Gozenpō, Ōnanjimine, and Bessan located at the intersection of the regions Kaga, Echizen, and Mino. Hakusan shinkō is the faith based on the deification of these mountains. Local farmers believed that Hakusan was a mounta... |
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| 19 |
Hakushu |
"Hand clapping," which forms part of proper etiquette for worshipping a deity. Because both hands are first spread open to each side, it is also called "hand opening" ( hirade ) or "oak hands" ( kashiwade ). Hand clapping has been part of worship etiq... |
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| 20 |
Hayarigami Shinkō |
The faddish worship of kami and buddhas that experience ephemeral popularity based on claims that they provide some concrete benefit or power. The term is sometimes written with characters meaning "momentary-flower-deity 時花神," indicating that the phenomenon sprin... |
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