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| 1 |
Motoori Haruniwa |
(1763-1828) Scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) of the late Edo period. His common name was Kenzō, later Kentei, and he had the epistolary name Nochisuzunoya. The eldest son of Motoori Norinaga, he was born in 1763 in his mother's birthplace, the city of Tsu in Ano District, Ise P... |
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| 2 |
Motoori Norinaga |
(173-181) Scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) of the late Edo period. His original lineage name was Ozu, and he was known initially by the names Yoshisada and Yashirō. After he took the family name Motoori, he was known as Norinaga, Shun'an and Chūe. His epistolary name was Suzun... |
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| 3 |
Motoori Ōhira |
(1756-1833) Scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) of the early modern period. His original lineage name was Inagake and his formal name was Shigeho, but he later took the name Ōhira. He was called Sōshiemon after he was adopted into the Motoori house, and his epistolary name was Fu... |
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| 4 |
Mozume Takami |
(1847-1928) Scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) and the Japanese language from the Meiji to the Taisho eras. Born on the twenty-eighth day of the fifth month of 1847 in the castle town of Kitsuki in the province of Bungo, in what is now Kitsuki City, Oita Prefecture. His father was ... |
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| 5 |
Mozume Takayo |
(1817-83) Scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) from the late Edo period to the early Meiji era. Born on the first day of the second month of 1817 in the castle town of Kitsuki in Bungo Province (now Kitsuki City, Oita Prefecture), Mozume had the epistolary name Muguraya. A dedicate... |
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| 6 |
Murata Harumi |
(1746-1811) Scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) of the mid-Edo period, and disciple of Kamo no Mabuchi. Born the second son of Murata Harumichi, a dried sardine merchant in the Nihonbashi district of Edo, his original lineage name was Taira. His common names were Heishirō, Jih... |
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| 7 |
Mutobe Yoshika |
(186-63) Scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) of the Hirata school in the late Edo period. Born in 1806 as the son of Mutobe Tokika, a Shinto priest ( shikan ) of the shrine Mukō Jinja in Otokuni District, Yamashiro Province, in what is now Kyoto Prefecture. In 1823, at the age of eigh... |
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| 8 |
Nakae Tōju |
(168-48) Confucian scholar of the early Edo period. His style was Korenaga, his formal name was Gen, and his common name was Yoemon. Born in Takashima District in Ōmi Province (present-day Takashima District, Shiga Prefecture), Nakae was later called the Sage of Ōmi ( Ōmi seijin ) be... |
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| 9 |
Nakanishi Naokata |
(1634-179) A scholar of the Grand Shrines of Ise (Ise Jingū) from the early Edo period. His childhood name was Tsunetame; later, he adopted the names Shōshin and Naokata, and used the epistolary name Ramōshi. He studied under Deguchi Nobuyoshi (1615-90), but in 1670 became involved ... |
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| 10 |
Nakanishi Nobuyoshi |
(1631-1699) An Ise scholar from the early Edo period. Born in Yamada, the town at the gate of the Outer Shrine (Gekū) of the Grand Shrines of Ise (Ise Jingū), Nakanishi served there as a kujō ōuchindo (Senior Ritual Assistant). His childhood name was Nobuyoshi, using different charac... |
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| 11 |
Nakayama Miki |
(1798-1887) Founder of the religious group Tenrikyō. Called Oyasama ("Beloved Parent") within Tenrikyō, Nakayama was born in Sanmaiden Village, Yamanobe District in Yamato Province (present-day Nara Prefecture) on the eighteenth day of the fourth month 1798, as th... |
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| 12 |
Nakayama Tadayasu |
(189-88) Courtier and proponent of imperial restoration ( ōsei fukko ) during the late Edo period. Nakayama Tadayasu was father of Nakayama Yoshiko (1835-1907), the mother of Emperor Meiji. He was born in 1809 as the second son of Provisional Grand Councilor Nakayama Tadayori. App... |
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| 13 |
Nashiki Sukeyuki |
(1659-1723) A proponent of Suika Shintō of the mid-Edo period. His epistolary name was Keisai, his posthumous name was Zenju'in, and his common name was Sakyo Gondayū; he also occasionally used the lineage name Kamo. Born to the courtier Nashiki Sukenaga, who had been bestowed with ... |
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| 14 |
Nihon Jingū Honchō |
A religious movement with characteristics of sectarian Shinto ( kyōha Shintō ) and founded by Nakajima Shūkō (1902-88). Deeply interested in the study of the traditional calendar ( rekigaku ), Yin-Yang, and the theory of five phases of matter ( gogyō ), Nakajima had independently s... |
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| 15 |
Nihon Seidō Kyōdan |
A Shinto-derived new religion founded by Iwasaki Shōō (1934-). In 1951 Shōō suffered from jaundice and lapsed into a coma, during which he had a mystical experience; from that time it was said he had gained the ability to experience teleportation and foretell natural calamities. In ... |
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| 16 |
Nikkōkyō |
A Shinto-derived new religion whose founder was Teraguchi Kōjirō (1881-1960). Kōjirō's life of faith began at the age of 22 after he experienced a narrow escape from death, and in March 1904 he founded the Nagao-kō (Nagao religious confraternity) on receiving a revelation from a tu... |
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| 17 |
Ninomiya Sontoku |
(1787-1856) Agronomist and theorist of the late Edo period. Born in the seventh month of 1787 in the village of Kayama in Ashigarakami District, Sagami Province (present-day Odawara City, Kanagawa Prefecture) to a peasant family. His formal name was Kinjirō, though after he was em... |
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| 18 |
Nishida Naokai |
(1793-1865) A scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) of the late Edo period. Born as the fourth child of Takahashi Motoyoshi, a retainer of Kokura Domain (in present-day Fukuoka Prefecture), he was adopted by Nishida Naoaki. His childhood name was Shōzaburō, and his epistolary n... |
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| 19 |
Nitta Kuniteru |
(1829-192) Founder of the Shinto sect Shintō Shūseiha. His original name was Takezawa Kenzaburō. Born on the fifth day of the second month of 1829 in Tokushima Domain of Awa Province (present-day Tokushima Prefecture), Nitta was third son of samurai father Takezawa Hishiyō and mot... |
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| 20 |
Oka Kumaomi |
(1783-1851) Scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) and Shinto priest of the late Edo period. Born on the ninth day of the third month of 1783 in the village of Kibemura, Kanoashi District in the province of Iwami (present-day Shimane Prefecture). Kumaomi was the illegitimate chil... |
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