Encyclopedia of Shinto

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1 Kōjin Literally "rough deity," the Buddhist tutelary Kōjin is usually depicted with six arms and three faces displaying angry expressions, and is known as guardian of the "three treasures" of Buddhism-the Buddha, the Dharma, and the sangha or congregation of mon...
2 Kōno Seizō (1882-1963) Shinto priest ( shinshoku ) and scholar from the Meiji to the Showa eras. Professor of literature (D.Lit), his epistolary name was Shiun. Born in 1882 as the second son of Kōno Rokurō, Chief Priest ( gūji ) of the small shrine Tamashiki Jinja located in the town of Kisai, Kit...
3 Kōnojisatabumi Record of Discourse on the Character "Kō." A record of the disputes that occurred between the two Ise Shrines on the use of the character "kō" (皇, "imperial;" "august"). Two fascicles. The disputes began in the second lunar month of 1296...
4 Kōnomachi zamondō An ancient provincial sōja (a shrine for several kami ) festival held May 5 at Rokusho Shrine in the town of Ōiso, Naka District, Kanagawa Prefecture. Mikoshi (portable shrines, see shin'yo ) for the five great shrines ( taisha gosha ) in Sagami Province (covering parts of present-da...
5 Kōnomiya hadaka matsuri "Kōnomiya naked festival." Commonly known as the Kōnomiya no hadaka matsuri ("naked festival of the chief provincial shrine"), this festival is held on the 13th day of the 1st month of the lunar calendar at the Ōwari Ōkunitama Shrine in Inazawa City, Aichi Pre...
6 Kōrei saishi A group of rites of ancestor worship directed at the spirits of former emperors and members of the imperial family. The rites that form part of the kōrei saishi are performed by the imperial family at imperial mausoleums and the Kōreiden (Hall of Imperial Ancestral Spirits), one of th...
7 Kōshin shinkō A day on which the 7th "stem" ( kō ) in the Chinese zodiacal system combines with the 9th "branch" ( shin 'monkey') is known as kōshin , when believers spend an abstemious, all-night vigil for the sake of their longevity. The custom goes back to the Chines...
8 Kōshin, shōshin Rites carried out with the purpose of invoking a kami to attend a festival conducted on an occasional basis outside a shrine's precincts and then of sending the kami away. Such rituals were necessary before the emergence of permanent shrine buildings, when trees and stones were rega...
9 Kōshitsu Tenpan (Imperial House Code) The code of the Imperial household. Although not originally made public, the Imperial House Code was implemented in 1889 and modified in 1907 and 1918. The original code was presented in 1884-5 as part of the Imperial Rules. The rules were rewritten (now called ...
10 Kōso Kōtai Jingū Amatsukyō A This is a Shinto-derived new religion established by Takeuchi Kiyomaro (also read Ōmaro) (1874-1965). The Takeuchi family, which was from Shinmei Village in the Nei district of Toyama Pprefecture, had in its possession an ancient text known as the "‘Takeuchi document'&q...
11 Kōtaijingū nenjūgyōji Annual Observances for the Imperial [Inner] Shrine . An early Kamakura period (late twelfth century) work that records the annual ceremonies and other observances at the Imperial (Inner) Shrine of Ise. Completed the sixth lunar month of 1192. Extant texts derive from a copy made by ...
12 Lineages of the deities in Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
13 Magakoto (also Magagoto) Maga is the opposite of naho (straight, correct) and thus means bent or evil. It is used to describe misfortunes, wicked deeds, and calamities. Shinto does not assume evil to be absolute but rather conceives it as a distorted or abnormal condition. The mythical explanation of the ide...
14 Magistrate of Temples and Shrines: Medieval (Jisha bugyō) The term used to denote the administrative system of Buddhist temples and Shintō shrines — which existed from the Kamakura to Edo period — and those bureaucrats in the bakufu responsible for supervising them. During the medieval period, the term jisha bugyō was used as a collective d...
15 Magistrate of Temples and Shrines: Pre-modern (Jisha bugyō) The position and Bakufu agency in charge of bureaucratic matters concerning shrines and temples. Under the Kamakura and Muromachi Bakufu magistrates — who were in charge of supervising temple and shrine repairs and prayers and ritual, and solving disputes — were created on an indi...
16 Maki Yasuomi (1813-64) Samurai retainer and advocate of the sonnō jōi (Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarian) movement of the late Edo period. Born in the town of Senoshita below Kurume Castle in Chikugo Province (part of present-day Fukuoka Prefecture), Maki Yasuomi was the eldest son of Mak...
17 Makoto Makoto can mean "sincerity," "earnestness" or "a heart free of falsehood." It is one of the cardinal virtues of Shinto. Great emphasis has been placed on it since ancient times, as is reflected in the words of an edict issued by Emperor Kōtoku in the s...
18 Makoto no Michi A Shinto-derived new religious movement started by Ogiwara Makoto (1910-81). Having experienced paranormal powers since before World War II, Ogiwara began participating as a psychic in a spiritualist research group in 1947. In time, Ogiwara and medical doctor Shioya Nobuo (190...
19 Makoto no Michikyō A religious movement founded by Matsumoto Jōtarō (September 1881-1944). Originally born into the Yamaoka family in a mountain village in Ehime Prefecture, Matsumoto began a rice business upon reaching adulthood but it proved a failure. He also tried his hand at a variety of other o...
20 Man'yōdaishōki #N/A