Encyclopedia of Shinto

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1 Tohokamiemitame This term is usually written using the Chinese characters 吐普加美依身多女(or 米 ). This expression consists of five signs that are inscribed on a deer bone or turtle shell during "turtle shell divination" ( kiboku ), a practice that goes back to ancient times. The phrase is also us...
2 Tokihakashi [Tokihakashi no kami] (Kojiki) Other names: Tokiokashi no kami( Kojiki ) A kami appearing only in Kojiki , described as coming into being from one of the objects thrown down by Izanagi as he performed purification (misogi). After escaping from the underworld of Yomi, Izanagi arrive...
3 Tokoyo A term denoting the "other world" (see View of the other world ) in folk religion and in Shinto. The locus of Tokoyo can vary: in a foreign land, under the sea, in heaven, under the ground, or in a place beyond the ocean. Various kami and spirits of ancestors are believed to live ...
4 Tokoyo Nagatane (1832-86) An early Meiji-era scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) of the Hirata school. Born in 1832, Tokoyo lived in Mibu, Tsuga District, Shimotsuke Province (present-day Mibu-chō, Tochigi Prefecture). He name was first Tokozumi Keikichi, but he later changed it to Tokoyo ...
5 Tokugawa Mitsukuni (1628-17) Second-generation domainal lord of Mito Domain in the early Edo period. His childhood name was Chōmaru, then Chiyomatsu, and his styles were Tokuaki, Kanshi, and Shiryū. He used Nisshinsai and other studio names, and his posthumous title was Gikō. He was appointed Vice M...
6 Tokugawa Yoshinao (16-5) Lord of Kōfu Domain (in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)and Owari Nagoya Domain (in Aichi Prefecture) in the early Edo period. His style was Shikei, and his posthumous name was Genkei. He was born as the fifth son of Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1600, and spent his childhood in Suruga P...
7 Tokumitsukyō A Shinto-derived religious movement founded by Kanada Tokuaki (1863-1919). Kanada was born in Osaka Prefecture on September 20, 1863, as the eldest son of Kanada Tokuhei. He subsequently succeeded to head of the Kanada household of relatives. In 1871 he became an apprentice to Asa...
8 Tokusanokamudakara [Tokusa no kamu dakara] Also read jusshu jinpō . According to the "Original Record of the Heavenly Grandchild" ( Tenson hongi ) in Sendai kuji hongi , these are the "ten kinds of heavenly-emblem sacred treasures" ( amatsushirushi mizutakara tokusa ) bestowed ...
9 Tomobe Yasutaka (1667-174) A scholar of Suika Shintō of the mid-Edo period. His common name was Buemon, and his epistolary names were Shiansai and Yaegaki no Okina. Born at Shinagawa in Edo on the first day of the twelfth month of 1667, Tomobe began studying Neo-Confucianism under Satō Naokata (1650...
10 Tomokiyo Yoshisane Founder of Shintō Tenkōkyo. His original name was Kyūgo, and epistolary names included Tenkō, Mokusan, Joyō, and Banzan. Tomokiyo was born on October 9, 1888, in what is today Yamaguchi City, and reports state that at the age of eleven, he had the experience of kamikakushi , namely, b...
11 Tongū Also called karimiya . Literally, a "temporary palace." Originally built as a temporary rest stop for an emperor, empress or crown prince during an outing, the term was later also applied to the temporary structures built to enshrine the spirit of a kami during a sacred pr...
12 Tori no ichi "Cock fair." A festival for Ōtori shrines held on each "day of the cock" in the month of November. The "day of the cock" returns every twelve days, so it usually comes around twice during November. It is said that there will be many fires in those rare ye...
13 Torii A formalized gateway arch signifying entrance to a sacred area. Shrines may have one or more torii . When multiple torii are present, the largest one is normally called the "first torii" ( ichi no torii ), and stands at the approachway to the grounds of the shrine. Torii may a...
14 Torimono A prop dancers carry in their hands in sacred performances such as kagura . It is also written with the characters 執物 or 取物. The word may also refer to the prop a dancer holds when performing a dance to purify the implements to be used in a sacred ritual or dance. Originally, the torimono fu...
15 Torinoiwakusufune [Tori no iwakusufune no kami] (Kojiki)(Nihongi) Other names: Ama no torifune no kami( Kojiki, Nihongi ) A kami of ships, produced by Izanagi and Izanami as part of their giving birth to various kami ( kamiumi ). According to Nihongi , the kami Torinoiwakusufune was produced as a boat f...
16 Toshi no ichi "Year-end fair." A fair held at the year's end for selling New Year's decorations and miscellaneous goods. Originally the last of the monthly fairs, it likely became particularly popular due to the simple fact that it sold goods for New Year's. Another theory suggests, t...
17 Toshigami, Toshitokujin A kami that visits during the New Year's season, heralding the advent of the New Year, also called Shōgatsu-sama (lit., "Honorable New Year"). The name Toshitokujin has origins in Chinese Yin-Yang divination (Jp. Onmyōdō), and refers to a goddess with dominion over aus...
18 Toshishiba no shinji A rite held January 6 at Sunami Shrine in Sakutō Township, Aida District, Okayama Prefecture. The priest attaches packets of rice and beans wrapped in Japanese paper ( washi ) to small branches of sakaki . The branches are then bundled into groups of three and offered to the altar as a pr...
19 Toshiura Collective term for the various methods used to divine the fortune of a single year. Divinations regard matters of concern to an entire community such as the growth of crops, harvest, and weather; or private concerns such as the fortune of a single family or individual. In addition to ...
20 Toyoashiharajinpūwaki (Jihen) An outline of Shinto by a Buddhist priest in three volumes. In 1340 (the year of the establishment of the Southern Court), at the request of Fujiwara Renshi (Shintaikenmon'in), the Tendai priest Jihen compiled this book for the young Emperor Gomurakami. It is said that Jihen ...