Encyclopedia of Shinto

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1 Tsuina sai "Exorcism festival." Many shrines traditionally hold a "festival to drive away evil spirits" ( tsuina sai ) around setsubun . A bean-pounding rite is held on January 7 at Sumiyoshi Shrine in Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi Prefecture. Soy beans and "demon...
2 Tsuina shiki "Exorcism ceremony." A setsubun event held in February at Nagata Shrine in Nagata Ward, Kobe City, Hyōgo Prefecture. Artificial flower arrangements ( kazaribana ) made by hanging small rice cakes and mandarin oranges from several large willow branches are strung up on ...
3 Tsukimachi, Himachi "Waiting for the Moon," "Waiting for the Sun." Tsukimachi is an occasion when people gather on particular evenings of a lunar cycle (e.g., the 17th, 19th, 22nd, and 23rd) to eat and drink while waiting for the moon to appear to pay homage to it. The gatherings are ...
4 Tsukimono A spirit which attaches itself to a human being, usually an evil spirit that causes disasters. The attachment of a tsukimono to a person is a form of possession. However, it is not a spontaneous and intentional possession in which one is in control, as in the case of a spiritual medium. R...
5 Tsukinamisai An observance observed during the ancient and medieval eras, mentioned in the Divinities Prescriptions ( Jingiryō ). Tsukinamisai was celebrated twice a year on the eleventh day of the sixth and twelfth lunar months, Tsukinamisai as a ceremony attended by the ministers and lesser ...
6 Tsukinamisai (Grand Shrine of Ise) A major festival ( taisai ) held at the Grand Shrines of Ise ( Ise Jingū ) in the sixth and twelfth months. " Tsukinami " means "monthly" and this name is thought to originate in monthly festivals that were later combined into biannual events. As this festival empl...
7 Tsukisakaki (Suzuki Masayuki) Five volumes. It is also called Shidaionsho (The Book of the Four Great Obligations). Written by Suzuki Masayuki (1837-71), a kokugaku scholar active during the period spanning the end of Bakufu and continuing after the Meiji Restoration, it was finished in 186...
8 Tsukiyama shinji "Garden mound rite." This spring festival is held April 23 at Nijō no Imizu Shrine in Takaoka City, Tōyama Prefecture. Participants build a mound ( tsukiyama ) as a sort of "stationary stage" ( sueokigata no butai ) on shrine grounds ( keidai ). Figurines of the F...
9 Tsukuyomi [Tsukuyomi no mikoto] (Kojiki)(Nihongi) Other names: Tsuki no kami ( Nihongi ), Tsukiyomi no mikoto, Tsukiyumi no mikoto ( Nihongi ). The second of Izanagi and Izanami's "three noble children," and usually considered a male kami with rule over the night. The name tsuku-...
10 Tsumi An action that violates social norms and order. Tsumi also connotes certain taboo naturally occurring hazards that are considered dangerous or impure. These consist of the heavenly sins and earthly sins" ( amatsutsumi , kunitsutsumi ) listed in Kojiki and Nihongi and in the L...
11 Tsunoda Tadayuki (1834-1918) Chief Priest ( gūji ) of the shrine Atsuta Jingū. His common name was Yoshisaburō, and he used the epistolary names ( gō ) Ibukinoya and Shizumenoiwamuro, among others. He was born on the sixth day of the eleventh month, 1834, in Iwamurata, Kita Saku District, Shinano Prov...
12 Tsurumine Shigenobu (1786-1859) Shinto intellectual and scholar of National Learning ( kokugaku ) of the late Edo period. Tsurumine was born in 1786 as the son of Tsurumine Nobutsuna, priest of Yasaka Shrine in Usuki, Bungo Province (present-day Oita Prefecture), and showed a keen interest in the stud...
13 Tsushima Shintō A term used to refer to the shrines and cults characteristic of the island Tsushima in the Sea of Japan, although the actual meaning of the term is not well defined. The island of Tsushima has been very important since antiquity as an intermediary station on maritime routes. Many of Tsu...
14 Tsutsukohiki matsuri " Tsutsuko tug of war festival." A festival that functions as a prayer for a bountiful harvest held on the 25th day of the first lulnar month at Itsukushima Shrine in Hobara Township, Date District, Fukushima Prefecture. Following a ceremony, all the men who are of an inaus...
15 Tōka Ebisu "Tenth Day Festival of Ebisu." Held on January 10, this is the first of several ritual celebrations of the year held to honor the god Ebisu, and is also therefore referred to as hatsu Ebisu ("the First Ebisu"). Well-known local celebrations are those at the Ebis...
16 Tōka sai "Peach blossom festival." A festival held April 1–3 at Masumida Shrine in Ichinomiya City, Aichi Prefecture. The event celebrates the enshrinement of Amenoho no Akari no mikoto, the deity to whom the shrine is dedicated (see saijin ), which took place on the third day of t...
17 Tōka shinji "Dance music rite." A rite held January 4 at Sumiyoshi Shrine in Sumiyoshi Ward, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture. Also called the "good-fortune mochi rite" ( fukumochi shinji ). Two people—the "bag holder" ( fukuro-mochi ) who carries a bag filled wi...
18 Tōnin gyōji "Ritual caretaker observance." A ritual held July 7 at Tōko Yasaka Shrine (also known as Gozu Tennō Shrine) in Tennō Township, Minimi-Akita District, Akita Prefecture. Tōko Yasaka is the tutelary shrine of both Tennō Town and Funakoshi Town in Oga City, Akita District; ...
19 Tōrō A fixed lantern or lamp found either within a shrine's precincts ( keidaichi ) or one of the shrine structures, and used as a place to offer votive lights to the shrine. Lamps and lanterns were originally a fixture of Buddhist temples before being adopted at Shinto shrines as well. ...
20 Tōrō shinji "Lantern rite." A festival held July 25 at Iyahiko Shrine in Yahiko Village, Nishi-Kanbara District, Niigata Prefecture. A"flower lantern" ( hana tōrō ) is a platform approximately 2.5 meters wide, 120 centimeters long, and 80 centimeters high, with a smal...