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Title |
Text |
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| 1 |
Chinowa |
Also called suganuki , a large ring made of cogon grass ( chigaya ) and erected on the pathway leading to a shrine on the days of purification ( harae ) of the last day of the sixth or seventh month (called nagoshi harae or minazuki harae ). Worshipers at the shrine pass through the ring as an ... |
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| 2 |
Chiyo no sumika |
(Oka Kumaomi） A compilation of Oka Kumaomi's theories concerning the soul. Two volumes. The author's preface states that the work was written in 1818, and the editing was finished in 1822. This work develops the theory of the immortality of the soul. After one's death, the source so... |
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| 3 |
Chokusai |
A ritual performed by order of the emperor and for which a special envoy ( chokushi ) is sent to a shrine to read a prayer ( saimon ) before the deity and present heihaku offerings. The term chokusai cannot be found in old records or literature and first appears in the phrase "shrines ... |
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| 4 |
Chokusaisha |
A shrine where an imperial envoy ( chokushi ) comes to perform rituals; officially known as a chokushi sankō no jinja ("shrine attended by imperial envoy"). Shrines designated as chokusai have existed since ancient times, as typified by the Heian-period system of "... |
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| 5 |
Chokushi |
A messenger who delivered imperial commands. Messengers who were dispatched to shrines on the occasion of either an ordinary or an extraordinary rite were generally called tsukai (messengers), saishi (festival messengers), or hōbeishi . The Taihō Code (702) stipulated that for ... |
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| 6 |
Chronological Supplement |
Chronological Supplement in Encyclopedia of Shintō. There are two versions of PDF. The older version is published online in September, 2014, which is intended to be viewed online or printed in A4 (or LTR) paper. The newer version is based on the paper version published in February, 2... |
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| 7 |
Chronological Supplement |
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| 8 |
Chōga |
"New Year greetings to the emperor." In ancient times these characters were read " mikado ogami ." In ancient Japan, it was a state ceremony carried out at the Daigoku Hall with the participation of the many ministry officials. However, from the mid-Heian peri... |
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| 9 |
Chōkoku |
The word may be also pronounced hatsukuni , written as 初国, and it denotes the establishment of the country, or founding of the realm. The tenth monarch, Sujin, is said to be "the first tennō to rule the country." This is variously expressed: in Nihon shoki it says, " hat... |
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| 10 |
Chōnahajime shinji |
First Planing of the Year. Held on January 11 at Hinomisaki Shrine in the town of Taisha, Hikawa District, Shimane Prefecture. After the service, the miyashō performs a ceremony at the haiden . Offerings of kelp and dried squid are heaped in earthen vessels and presented before the de... |
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| 11 |
Chōyō |
"The Chrysanthemum Festival." Held on the ninth day of the ninth month (September 9), this was another of the five seasonal feasts ( gosekku ) recognized and established by the Tokugawa bakufu . It is also generally known as kiku no sekku (the Chrysanthemum Festival). Bec... |
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| 12 |
Chūchōjijitsu |
(Yamaga Sokō) A work in two volumes by Yamaga Sokō. This work expounds on the truth of the imperial lineage and explains the origins of its proper dignity. This work was written during the time Sokō was under house arrest at the residence of the Asano family of Akaho after being convicte... |
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| 13 |
Chūkō |
Loyalty and filiality. Chū denotes loyalty and fidelity to one's master or country, while kō denotes filiality to one's parents. Originally [in China], these two virtues were considered independent, and sometimes in contradiction one to the other, as in the saying, "If one a... |
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| 14 |
Chūsai |
One category of shrine rites, referring to ritual conducted on a middle or medium scale. In the Meiji period such rites became specified by law, but since the end of the war, they have been regulated by the Jinja saishi kitei of the Association of Shinto Shrines. According to the regula... |
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| 15 |
Chūshinkai |
" A religious movement focused on divination and onomancy and founded by Kumazaki Ken'ō (1881-1961). While working at primary schools and in the newspaper business, Kumazaki had developed a unique system of shorthand, and engaged in the study of divination, fortune tel... |
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| 16 |
Concepts of Emperor and the State |
The origins of Japan as a nation, the imperial system ( tennō-sei ) and rice culture are inseparable and date back to the Yayoi period. The term tennō (emperor) first appears in the Chinese Tang Period classic Gaosong-ji , but was first used in Japanese texts to refer to the first empero... |
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| 17 |
Concepts of History (rekishikan) |
How Shinto views the origins of this world, which includes human beings, and the changes that occur with the passage of time, is best evidenced in the myths contained in Kojiki , and this view grounded Shinto beliefs through history. The beginning of time These myths begin with the sen... |
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| 18 |
Concepts of Humanity (Ningenkan) |
The word jinkan (人間）means the world, and in Japanese, when read as ningen it is used to indicate a person. The term ningen indicates that a human being is a physical space inhabited by a spirit. Kojiki and Nihon shoki ( kiki shinwa ) mythology is almost mute on the topic of the birth of the f... |
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| 19 |
Concepts of the Spirit (reikonkan) |
The diversity of theories concerning the concept of spirit in Shinto makes it impossible to propose any single definition. From a Shinto perspective, there is no agreement on where people's spirits go after they die. These difficulties notwithstanding, if one agrees that the kami ... |
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| 20 |
Cosmology |
The concept ( kan ) of the universe ( uchū ) originated in Daoism and the philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi. and is written with two graphs. The first character refers to the spatial dimension "Heaven and Earth" and the "Four Directions;" while the second charact... |
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