Encyclopedia of Shinto

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1 Ise Shinkō Because Amaterasu ōmikami, the principal kami ( saijin ) at Ise Jingū, is considered an ancestral kami of the imperial house, Ise Shrine is the location of imperial devotion. Moreover, since ancient times it has attracted widespread popular faith as a sacred site. Personal offerin...
2 Ise Shintō A branch or school of Shinto teachings transmitted by priests of the Watarai clan at the Outer Shrine (Gekū) of the Grand Shrines of Ise (Ise Jingū). Since most of the promoters were clan members ( uchibito ) of the Watarai clan, it is also called Watarai Shintō or, since the view of the en...
3 Isenigūsakitakenoben (Motoori Norinaga) A "Split Bamboo" Discourse on the Two Shrines of Ise . A historical investigation into the kami enshrined at the at the two Ise Shrines, the Inner and the Outer Shrines. Written by Motoori Norinaga. One fascicle. Manuscript completed in the fifth lunar ...
4 Isenishodaijingūshinmeihisho (Watarai Yukitada) Secret Text on the Names of the Kami at the Two Grand Shrines of Ise . One fascicle. Written by the Negi (Suppliant Priest) of the Outer Shrine, Watarai Yukitada. According to the colophon, it was compiled and presented by the order of the Senior Regent ( Kanpaku ) Fuj...
5 Ishi shinkō Stone cults in Japan that may be seen as falling into three general categories: (1) what may be called "stone deification" ( shintai ); (2) belief in a "rock abode" ( iwakura ) to which the deity descends; and (3) the concept of iwasaka , an area that has been encirc...
6 Ishida Baigan (1685-1744) A scholar of the merchant ( chōnin ) class in the mid-Edo period, founder of Sekimon Shingaku, the school of "Heart-Mind Learning." His formal name was Okinaga, common name Kanpei, and epistolary name Baigan. He was born in the Kuwata district of Tanba Provin...
7 Ishikoridome [Ishikoridome no mikoto] (Kojiki) Offspring of Amanonukato no mikoto, and claimed as ancestral deity of the Kagami-zukuri, or "mirror-maker" clan. At the time of Amaterasu's hiding away in the rock cave of heaven, the deity Omoikane no mikoto had bellows made from a dee...
8 Ishinkyō A Shinto-derived new religion founded by Hashiguchi Reizui (1879-1963). Hashiguchi was born in Kagoshima City and worked as an official in the post and telegraphic services. Following the case of high treason revolving around socialist and anarchist Kōtoku Shūsui in 1910, he beg...
9 Ishizuchi Shinkō Beliefs and practices related to Mt Ishizuchi (1982 m.) in Ehime Prefecture, Shikoku. Nihon ryōiki (ca 823) by Keikai, speaks of a practitioner called Jakusen who trained there, while Montoku jitsuroku (879) tells how Jōsen (上仙), a follower of the priest Shakusen, practiced there ...
10 Isotakeru [Isotakeru no kami] (Nihongi) Other names: Itakeru( Nihongi ) A name found only in Nihongi ; in Kojiki , the same kami appears under the name Ōyabiko no kami. An offspring of Susanoo, Isotakeru descended with his father to the Korean kingdom of Silla bearing tree seeds, but he did not pl...
11 Isukeyorihime Hime tatara isuke yori hime(Kojiki) Other names: Hime tatara isuzuhime no mikoto ( Nihongi ) Consort of Emperor Jinmu. According to Kojiki , the kami Ōmononushi of Miwa saw Seyadatarahime, daughter of Mizokui of Mishima, and immediately fell in love with her. While the girl was reli...
12 Itsuku To serve, and perform rites for, the kami , having purified the body and mind and exorcised all polluting influences ( kegare ). According to Motoori Norinaga, itsu means the bright and pure, all dirt and pollution having been washed away. Though itsuku came to be used later as a term of ...
13 Itsukushima Shinkō Due to belief in the "Three Female Kami " ( sanjoshin ) of Munakata at Itsukushima Jinja, the Itsukushima kami was worshipped as a protector of fishermen and boats. Itsukushima is also known as a "military kami " ( gunshin ), as seen in this passage from the Ryōjin ...
14 Itsunochiwaki The Parting Ways of Power . Commentary on the "Divine Age" and "Jinmu" chapters of Nihon shoki . Written by the late Edo period National Learning ( kokugaku ) scholar Tachibana Moribe. Twelve fascicles. Fascicles one and two are devoted to general theoretical ...
15 Itō Rokurobei (1829-94) Founder of the new religion Maruyamakyō. Born on the fifteenth day of the seventh month of 1829 in Noborito Village, Tachibana District in the province of Musashi (present-day Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture). The second son of Kiyomiya Genroku, Rokurobei was adopt...
16 Iwakura A formation of rocks considered to be sacred to which a kami is invited to descend for worship. Together with ishigami (stone- kami ) and iwasaka , such forms of worship represent a type of rock-worshiping cult. As rites are repeated, the rocks themselves are worshipped as divine ston...
17 Iwakura Tomomi (1825-83) Courtier and politician of the late Tokugawa and early Meiji eras. Born on the fifteenth day of the ninth month of 1825 in Kyoto as the second child of court noble Horikawa Yasuchika, he was adopted by Iwakura Tomoyasu. Tomomi was active behind the scenes in the Imperial Cour...
18 Iwanagahime (Kojiki)(Nihongi) A daughter of Ōyamatsumi. Ōyamatsumi offered both his beautiful daughter Konohana Sakuyahime and her older sister Iwanagahime in marriage to Ninigi. Ninigi, however, could not bear Iwanagahime's unattractive appearance and returned her to her father. Acco...
19 Iwaoshiwakunoko [Iwaoshiwaku no ko] (Kojiki) A kunitsukami (earthly kami ) that appeared during Jinmu's eastern campaign from Kumano to Yoshino, and became his ally. Both Kojiki and Nihongi describe Iwaoshiwakunoko as having a tail, and as appearing by pushing aside the boulders in order to meet t...
20 Iwasaka A stone altar or cairn erected in ancient times for the purpose of invoking the kami during worship. According to an "alternative tradition" describing the episode of the "Descent of the Heavenly Grandchild" ( tenson kōrin ) in the Nihongi , Takamimusubi erec...