Encyclopedia of Shinto

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1 Jikkōkyō One of the thirteen sects of pre-war Shinto. Jikkōkyō was based on Fujidō, founded by Hasegawa Kakugyō (born in Nagasaki, 1541-1646) and known as one of several early-modern mountain cults focused on Mount Fuji ( Fuji shinkō ). Organized as Jikkōsha (Jikkō Association) following t...
2 Jindai no maki kuketsu (Inbe no masamichi) This is a representative medieval commentary on Nihon shoki in five volumes. Nothing is known of the author, Inbe Masamichi, but the work was finished in 1367. The commentary only focuses on the first two books of Nihon shoki , "the age of the kami ," and t...
3 Jindai no maki moshiogusa (Tamaki Masahide) This is a point-by-point commentary on Nihon shoki in five volumes written by Tamaki Masahide. The dates of compilation are unclear. This work, which transmits the orthodox tradition of Suika Shintō, was written down by Ōgimachi Kinmichi, and put into its final f...
4 Jindaimoji A general term for uniquely Japanese character arrays or character systems thought to have existed in ancient Japan before Chinese characters ( kanji ) were introduced. Also called " kamiyo moji ." According to Kojiki and Nihongi , in the sixteenth year of Ōjin Tennō's re...
5 Jingi shizoku Hereditary priestly clans such as the Nakatomi, the Inbe, the Urabe and the Sarume who served the royal court from ancient times. Except for the Urabe, the members of these clans were all said to be descendants of kami who joined in assuaging Amaterasu when she hid herself in the heaven...
6 Jingidōke A collective term for lineages engaging in Shinto as their traditional house occupation. In the early period, these included the jingi clans ( jingi shizoku ), namely, clans connected to the Jingikan such as the Nakatomi and Inbe. In the early ninth century, postitions at the Jingik...
7 Jingifudenzuki This work, in one volume, is the first half of the important medieval Ise Shintō text, Daijingū jingi hongi , and this set is completed by Yamato hime no mikoto seiki , which is the last half. Using parts of the classical texts Nihon shoki and Kojiki , it lists the divine genealogy, the var...
8 Jingihōten This is a collection of research into the various shrines recorded in Engishiki ( shikinaisha ) in nine volumes with one appended set of charts. Tokugawa Yoshinao, the founder of the Owari Clan, compiled this work in 1646. Arranged in order of the deities' names, it investigates and e...
9 Jingiin The Jingiin (Institute of Divinities) was an organ for the administration of shrine affairs attached to the Home Ministry; it was created according to Imperial Rescript 736 on November 9, 1940. The director of the Institute was the Home Minister who oversaw an assistant director an...
10 Jingikandai The "Agency of the Department of Divinities" ( Jingikandai ) emerged to carry out a portion of the functions and powers of the archaic Department of Divinities ( Jingikan ), after these functions underwent a process of reduction and deterioration. Particularly from 160...
11 Jingikun (Kaibara Ekiken) This work is comprised of one volume. It expounds upon the origins and characteristics of ancient Shinto in a didactic approach which explanations the basis for and the method of the worship of the heavenly and earthly deities, as well as the relation of the deities t...
12 Jingiryō The Laws on Deities of the Taihō and Yōrō codes. No copy of the Taihō Code of 702 has survived, but in the reconstructed Yōrō Code (promulgated in 757), the twenty-article Jingiryō comprises Chapter Six.. Jingiryō established the basis of official ritual laws for the ritsuryō state. ...
13 Jingishōgōkō (Oyamada Tomokiyo) This is a work in four volumes, written by Oyamada Tomokiyo (1783—1847), however, the date of composition remains unclear. It arranges various items dealing with the heavenly and earthly deities according to categories such as kami who appear in human form ( ara...
14 Jingū Kenshūsho A training institute for priests ( shinshoku yōsei kikan ) run by the Grand Shrines of Ise and approved by the Jinja Honchō (Association of Shintō Shrines). The precursor was the regular training course for priests ( futsū shinshoku yōsei ) founded in 1952, known as the Ise Shinmu Jiss...
15 Jingū taima Shrine amulets distributed throughout Japan by the Grand Shrines of Ise on an annual basis. The work of the priests called oshi in spreading the cult of the Grand Shrines nationwide began from the end of the Heian period and continued through the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, reach...
16 Jingū tensō A court post that handles miscellaneous matters involving the Grand Shrines of Ise ( Ise jingū ), including ritual procedures, public ceremonies, and lawsuits. From the Heian period on, agencies were established within the Grand Council of State to process specific administrati...
17 Jingūji Jingūji (shrine temples), also called jinganji or jingoji , were Buddhist temples associated with Shinto shrines. Jingūji were built according to the notion of the "amalgamation of Shintō and Buddhism" ( shinbutsu shūgō ). The first recorded instance of a jingūji is fo...
18 Jingūkyō A Shinto organization established in the Meiji era. While not being included as one of the thirteen sects of prewar Shinto, it possessed the characteristics of sect Shinto ( kyōha Shintō ) until the mid-Meiji period. Organized by Urata Nagatami and others, it had as its first Superin...
19 Jingūreki A calendar ( koyomi or reki ) published by the Grand Shrines of Ise. Prior to World War II, it was called the honreki ("official calendar") and was issued by the Grand Shrines Administration (Jingū Shichō) as the only official calendar. In 1946, however, the distribution o...
20 Jingūtenryaku (Sonoda Moriyoshi) This is the work of Sonoda Moriyoshi, a negi (Suppliant Priest) at Kōtai Jingū. It covers a broad area of items relating to the origins of the Ise Shrines, ceremonies, and so forth, and contains detailed research through examinations based on extensive material a...