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Title |
Text |
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| 1 |
Shōreisai |
"Annual festival of pines." A festival held from December 31 to January 1 at Dewasanzan Shrine in Haguro Township, Higashitagawa District, Yamagata Prefecture. It is also known as the toshiya matsuri ("evening festival of the years"). Dewasanzan ("D... |
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| 2 |
Shōroku Shintō Yamatoyama |
A Shinto-derived new religion founded by Tazawa Seishirō (1884-1966), and based on his personal experience of dedicating a shrine to a "mountain kami" ( yama no kami ) in 1919, witnessing extraordinary astronomical phenomena, and hearing divine voices. During the rel... |
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| 3 |
Shōsai |
One category of shrine rites, grouping together rites conducted on a small scale. Before 1945 these were specified under government regulations, and thereafter by the Association of Shinto Shrines ( Jinja honchō ) in its "Regulations of Shrine Observances." The text o... |
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| 4 |
Shōten |
Official responsible for imperial rituals performed at the kyūchū sanden . The post, which featured three positions of descending rank, was founded in 1871 as part of the Jingishō. Later, it was moved to the Shikiburyō and then became part of the Kunaishō's Shikibushoku. With the po... |
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| 5 |
Shōzui |
Shōzui , also called zuishō , is an "auspicious omen." Throughout the world in both past and present, people have shared the belief that the appearance of a rare natural phenomenon—such as an animal, plant, meteorological event, or astronomical event—is an omen indicat... |
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| 6 |
Shūkyō Hōjin Shikō Gakuen |
A new religious movement strongly influenced by Shinto. Founded by Kawakami Seizan (1908-51), who was born in Tokunoshima in the Ōshima district of Kagoshima Prefecture. Kawakami became a police chief in Hyogo Prefecture, but resigned due to ill-health. During World War II, Kawa... |
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| 7 |
Shūyōdan Hōseikai |
A Shinto-derived new religion founded by Idei Seitarō (1899-1983). Idei was born the third son of a poor farmer in Ibaraki Prefecture. After going to Tokyo in 1915, he became acquainted with Uesaka Inosuke, a Tenrikyō preacher and co-worker at the post office where he was employed, a... |
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| 8 |
Sojin |
Progenitor kami of a clan. Here a kami is not viewed as a transcendental being but rather is a concept within the genealogical relations of living people. A synonym of sojin is oyagami (parental deity), where oya does not necessarily refer to a progenitor but rather has a more general, ... |
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| 9 |
Sokui |
Enthronement ceremony. One of several ceremonies accompanying a new emperor's accession to the throne. Originally the characters for "sokui " were read " ama-tsu-hi-tsugi shiroshimesu ," and referred to the same rite as " senso ". However, duri... |
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| 10 |
Sonnōshisō |
The idea of sonnō signified reverence for the ruling monarchy of a state or realm. In ancient China, Confucius (551-479 BC) venerated the then-defunct court of Zhou. He called for the orderly unification of the divided realm and state under the authority of this dynasty. A process wh... |
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| 11 |
Sonoda Moriyoshi |
(1785-184) Scholar of the Grand Shrines of Ise (Ise Jingū) in the late Edo period, born to the Arakida lineage. Son of Sonoda Moritsura (1757-1812), Suppliant Priest ( negi ) at Ise's Inner Shrine (Naikū), Sonoda Moriyoshi was born in 1785 as the younger twin of Moritsune. His childho... |
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| 12 |
Sonraku-saishi |
Village rituals ( sonraku saishi ) are observances performed in spatially limited, fixed settlements ( mura – commonly translated in English as "village"). This represents one attempt to define these rituals based on their shared features, but the concept remains imp... |
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| 13 |
Sonsha |
Village shrines. A category of shrines stipulated under the shrine system established in the Meiji era. The broad categorization was between official shrines ( kansha ) and other shrines ( shosha ), and village shrines fell into the latter category, ranked below gōsha (district sh... |
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| 14 |
Sorei |
Ancestral spirits. The term is used frequently to refer to a soul that no longer possesses individual characteristics. As Yanagita Kunio has shown, for a certain period of time (thirty-three years in many cases) after death a soul receives memorial services and is called a shiryō (s... |
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| 15 |
Soreisha |
[Sorei sha] "Ancestral shrine," a smaller shrine established within the precincts of a local "clan deity" ( ujigami ) or "parish tutelary" ( ubusuna ), and dedicated to the worship of the ancestral spirits of shrine parishioners ( ujiko ). The term ... |
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| 16 |
Soshindō |
A Shinto-derived new religious movement that arose focused on Matsushita Matsuzō (1873-1947), a spirit medium ( reinōsha ) active from the Taisho era (1912-26) to the World War II period. Subject to chronic illness, Matsushita had possessed deep faith from a young age and had activ... |
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| 17 |
Soshindō Kyōdan |
A Shinto-derived new religion established by Yoshioka Tajūrō (1905-87), who had worked earlier as a teacher in Izumo Taishakyō. In the early Showa era (ca. late 1920s-) Yoshioka visited and came under the religious tutelage of the Shinto spiritualist Matsushita Matsuzō, known as ... |
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| 18 |
State Shintō |
(kokka Shintō) In the narrow sense, Kokka Shintō refers to Shrine Shintō as supervised until 1945 by the state and as administered separately in law from other forms of Shintō. In the wider sense, it has been conceptualized as the state religion manifest in the merging of the Shintō of ... |
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| 19 |
Statistics for the Distribution of Amulets from the Grand Shrines of Ise |
The annual number and distribution rate of Jingu Taima (Ise amulet) peaked in 1943. Although both figures plummeted immediately after World War II, the number of amulets distributed annually saw a gradual increase after 1947. However, the distribution rate consistently decreas... |
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| 20 |
Subikari Kōha Sekai Shindan |
A new religion from the lineage of Ōmoto, Sekai Kyūseikyō and Mahikari. Founded by the spiritualist manga artist Kuroda Minoru (1928- ), under influence from Sekai Mahikari Bunmei Kyōdan. Kuroda made his living as an artist of manga (graphic novels) while continuing his studies of ... |
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